In the wild breeds May-August; females attach single eggs to the underside of stream rocks, which hatch into free-living larvae. Captive breeding is rarely reported.
Buy several; sexing is hard.
A cool tank at 15-20 C with plenty of caves.
A cool season followed by warm.
Females lay 30-60 single eggs on the underside of rocks.
Larvae need small live foods.
In the breeding season males develop a few white or bluish-white spots near the tail tip; mature males also have papillae at the cloaca.