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Encyclopedia / Killifish / Bluefin killifish
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Variations

1 kinds · tap one for a closer look

Bluefin killifish

Lucania goodei · Goodei, Bluefin killi, Blue-fin killifish

Peaceful with similar-sized fish; keep a group of 6 or more.

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6 cmAdult size ✓
12–22 °CTemperature ✓
6.5–6.8pH ✓
UnknownSmallest tank ?
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This one is best kept on its own, or with its own kind.

✕Not recommended
  • They need different temperatures (12–22 °C vs 23–29 °C). No setting suits both.
  • Only a narrow pH range suits both: 6.5–6.8.
✕Not recommended
  • They need different temperatures (12–22 °C vs 24–28 °C). No setting suits both.
  • Only a narrow pH range suits both: 6.5–6.8.
✕Not recommended
  • They need different temperatures (12–22 °C vs 23–28 °C). No setting suits both.
  • Only a narrow pH range suits both: 6.5–6.8.
!With conditions
  • Only a narrow temperature range suits both: 21–22 °C.
  • Only a narrow pH range suits both: 6.5–6.8.
!With conditions
  • Only a narrow pH range suits both: 6.5–6.8.
Facts checked against sources on 16 Oct 2026. ✓ means a source backs it; ? means no reliable source yet. See sources

Care and water

Hardness ✓up to 15 dGH
Group size ?6 or more
Temperament ?Peaceful
Swims at ✓Middle
Care level ✓Easy
Diet Omnivore
Lifespan ✓up to 2 years
Size in shops 2.5–4 cm
Growth Medium

Behavior

Peaceful with similar-sized fish; keep a group of 6 or more.

Food

Flakes, frozen foods and small live foods.

Tap a food to see what it is.

Male or female

Large males have bright blue dorsal and anal fins with orange bases and black outer edges, and an orange tinge at the tail base; females have clear fins. Males tend to be slightly larger.

Health

Common problems. Tap one to see the signs. This is a guide, not a diagnosis.

Breeding

Egg-layer (mop spawner) · Easy

Spawns among dense plants (or mops), laying eggs singly; males hold territories in thick vegetation.

Pairing

A group; males spawn with several females.

Setup

30 L planted tank with spawning mops.

What starts it

Warm water and live food.

Eggs

Females carry up to about 200 eggs, laid singly in plants over a long season; eggs take about 14 days to hatch.

Raising the fry

Baby brine shrimp from day one.

Common mistakes
  • Overcrowding
  • Open tank
  • No cover
Full breeding guide, day-by-day plan and simulator →

Where it lives in the wild

RegionFlorida and south-eastern Georgia, with a few outlying populations in Alabama and South Carolina
Rivers and lakesFlorida's springs, rivers and lakes, e.g. the St. Johns River system
HabitatClear springs, spring runs and densely vegetated lake margins
Native rangeAbout 400 km across
See it on the world map

The story of the bluefin killifish

A small killifish of Florida and the southeastern USA. Males have blue fins edged in black with orange bases. It tolerates cool water and can live in outdoor tubs and ponds in summer.

David Starr Jordan described the bluefin killifish in 1880 and named it after his colleague George Brown Goode. It is common in Florida's spring-fed rivers, where males flash electric-blue fins among the weeds. North American native-fish keepers prize it as one of the most colourful small fishes of the United States.

First described by David Starr Jordan in 1880. Named for Named after American ichthyologist George Brown Goode.

  • Breeding males show bright blue dorsal and anal fins edged in black.
  • It is especially common in Florida's clear, spring-fed rivers.
  • It reaches only about 5 cm, making it one of the smaller US killifishes.

Sources

16 facts checked with sources

  • Scientific name

    Described by Jordan, 1880. No recent rename.

    Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes: genus Lucania · FishBase: Lucania goodei summary
  • Familycorrected

    Legacy has no family; recorded as sourced.

    FishBase: Lucania goodei summary · Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes: genus Lucania
  • Sizecorrected

    No Seriously Fish profile exists. FishBase max 6.0 cm TL (source: Huber Killi-Data); USFWS and Aquarium Glaser give about 5 cm; typical wild fish ~2.9 cm TL. Larger well-sourced figure used per size rule; TL. Legacy 5 cm is a fair typical adult size.

    FishBase: Lucania goodei summary · US Fish & Wildlife Service (2018): Bluefin Killifish Ecological Risk Screening Summary · Aquarium Glaser (F. Schaefer): Lucania goodei
  • Temperaturecorrected

    Only numeric aquarium range found is FishBase 12-22 °C (Riehl & Baensch). USFWS (citing Nunziata 2010) reports wild fish in water in the high 80s °F and outdoor tubs down to the upper 40s °F, so the species tolerates far more than this; legacy 18-26 °C is plausible for keeping but its upper end is not directly sourced.

    FishBase: Lucania goodei summary · US Fish & Wildlife Service (2018): Bluefin Killifish Ecological Risk Screening Summary
  • pHcorrected

    FishBase gives a narrow 6.5-6.8; Aquarium Glaser says it prefers hard water, which suggests neutral to alkaline is fine. Legacy 6.5-8 not directly sourced at the top end; low confidence.

    FishBase: Lucania goodei summary · Aquarium Glaser (F. Schaefer): Lucania goodei
  • Hardnesscorrected

    Legacy has none. FishBase gives only an upper limit of 15 dH.

    FishBase: Lucania goodei summary
  • Group size

    Aquarium Glaser calls it a schooling species but gives no number; legacy 6 unsourced.

    Aquarium Glaser (F. Schaefer): Lucania goodei
  • Lifespancorrected

    Both figures are for wild fish; aquarium lifespan (legacy 2-4 years) not sourced and may be longer.

    FishBase: Lucania goodei summary · US Fish & Wildlife Service (2018): Bluefin Killifish Ecological Risk Screening Summary
  • Temperament

    Males spar harmlessly (Glaser); no source states peaceful in substance for community keeping.

    Aquarium Glaser (F. Schaefer): Lucania goodei
  • Swimming levelcorrected

    Legacy says top; sources say it usually swims well below the surface (despite being a topminnow).

    FishBase: Lucania goodei summary · US Fish & Wildlife Service (2018): Bluefin Killifish Ecological Risk Screening Summary
  • Care levelFishBase: Lucania goodei summary
  • Where it livescorrected

    Introduced and established in North Carolina, South Carolina, Texas and California (USFWS).

    FishBase: Lucania goodei summary · Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes: genus Lucania · US Fish & Wildlife Service (2018): Bluefin Killifish Ecological Risk Screening Summary
  • Male or female

    Legacy 'blue anal fin' verified; its 'red-edged dorsal' is wrong (margins are black, bases orange). Female 'tan stripes' not sourced: both sexes have a zigzag black lateral stripe.

    US Fish & Wildlife Service (2018): Bluefin Killifish Ecological Risk Screening Summary
  • BreedingAquarium Glaser (F. Schaefer): Lucania goodei · US Fish & Wildlife Service (2018): Bluefin Killifish Ecological Risk Screening Summary
  • Eggs and youngcorrected

    Legacy 7-10 days incubation is shorter than the ~14 days given by Glaser; legacy 10-20 eggs per day not sourced.

    Aquarium Glaser (F. Schaefer): Lucania goodei · FishBase: Lucania goodei summary
  • Storycorrected

    Cool-water and outdoor-tub claim verified; 'red-edged blue fin' corrected (edges are black).

    US Fish & Wildlife Service (2018): Bluefin Killifish Ecological Risk Screening Summary · Aquarium Glaser (F. Schaefer): Lucania goodei