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Encyclopedia / Livebearers / Malayan halfbeak
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Variations

1 kinds · tap one for a closer look

Malayan halfbeak

Dermogenys pusilla · Wrestling halfbeak, Wrestling halfbeak small, Pusilla, Halfbeak

Males bicker; keep one male to 2-3 females or a bigger group.

Dermogenys pusilla is now restricted to Java. Mainland fish in the trade are probably D. siamensis.

Local price coming soon
· real AED shop prices, never conversions
5.5 cmBody length, without tail ✓
24–28 °CTemperature ✓
6.5–8pH ✓
68 LSmallest tank ✓
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✕Not recommended
  • Malayan halfbeak eats animals up to about 2 cm. Ember tetra only grows to 2 cm.
✕Not recommended
  • Malayan halfbeak eats animals up to about 2 cm. Chili rasbora only grows to 2 cm.
✕Not recommended
  • White cloud mountain minnow needs cool water and makes a lot of waste, while Malayan halfbeak is tropical.
  • They need different temperatures (24–28 °C vs 14–22 °C). No setting suits both.
!With conditions
  • Only a narrow temperature range suits both: 24–25 °C.
!With conditions
  • Only a narrow temperature range suits both: exactly 24 °C.
✓Compatible
✓Compatible
✓Compatible
✓Compatible
✓Compatible

328 species in our list are a good match.

Facts checked against sources on 16 Oct 2026. ✓ means a source backs it; ? means no reliable source yet. See sources

Care and water

Hardness ✓10–20 dGH
Group size ?4 or more
Temperament ✓Semi-aggressive
Swims at ✓Top
Care level ✓Moderate
Diet Carnivore
Lifespan ?Unknown
Size in shops 3–5 cm
Growth Medium

Behavior

Males bicker; keep one male to 2-3 females or a bigger group. Keep with calm top-level fish and a tight lid.

Food

Fruit flies, daphnia, mosquito larvae and small insects; they usually accept flakes.

Tap a food to see what it is.

Male or female

Males have the anal fin modified into an andropodium, a red patch on the dorsal fin, and are by far the smaller sex.

Health

Common problems. Tap one to see the signs. This is a guide, not a diagnosis.

Breeding

Livebearer · Moderate

Livebearer, harder to breed than many: many females give birth to stillborn fry, linked to poor nutrition, so feed a high-quality diet. Gestation 3-6 weeks depending on temperature. Remove fry, which take powdered food and brine shrimp nauplii from birth.

Pairing

One male with 3-4 females.

Setup

Planted tank with floating plants, a slightly hard, alkaline water and a little salt.

What starts it

Warm temperatures and live food.

Eggs

10-30 young per brood (typically 10-20 in aquaria).

Raising the fry

Feed fruit flies, baby brine shrimp and fine flake.

Common mistakes
  • Pushing small tank
  • Dead food only
  • No lid
Full breeding guide, day-by-day plan and simulator →

Where it lives in the wild

RegionSoutheast Asia – Thailand & Malaysia to Indonesia
HabitatSlow streams, ditches and brackish estuaries
Native rangeAbout 2,000 km across
See it on the world map

The story of the malayan halfbeak

A common Southeast Asian surface-dwelling halfbeak of slow, vegetated fresh waters, sometimes semi-brackish. Males spar by locking jaws, rarely causing harm, and are used as fighting fish in parts of their range.

Heinrich Kuhl and Johan van Hasselt described this halfbeak in 1823 from Java. It is a classic surface livebearer in aquariums.

First described by Heinrich Kuhl & Johan C. van Hasselt in 1823. Named for 'Pusilla' means very small.

  • Males fight by locking jaws, and in parts of Asia they are matched in fish fights.
  • It feeds on insects at the surface.
  • Both Kuhl and van Hasselt died young during their expedition to Java.

Sources

15 facts checked with sources

  • Scientific name

    Valid, but since Meisner's 2001 revision the species is restricted to Indonesia (FishBase: Java). Seriously Fish still treats it as widespread from India to the Philippines. Fish sold as D. pusilla from Thailand/Malaysia are probably other species such as D. siamensis or D. sumatrana (Seriously Fish notes these are traded under the same name). FishBase and Seriously Fish call it the 'wrestling halfbeak'; legacy 'Malayan halfbeak' is a trade name.

    Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes (genus Dermogenys) · FishBase: Dermogenys pusilla summary
  • Familycorrected

    Legacy has no family field.

    FishBase: Dermogenys pusilla summary
  • Sizecorrected

    size-pick: Seriously Fish 5.5 cm SL (live aquarium adults). FishBase lists a single 16.1 cm TL maximum, far above every aquarium figure; kept in note only. SL; total length including the beak is longer. Legacy 7 cm unsourced.

    Seriously Fish: Dermogenys pusilla (Wrestling Halfbeak) · FishBase: Dermogenys pusilla summary
  • Temperature

    Matches legacy. Seriously Fish: sensitive to sudden temperature swings.

    Seriously Fish: Dermogenys pusilla (Wrestling Halfbeak) · FishBase: Dermogenys pusilla summary
  • pHcorrected

    Seriously Fish 6.5-8.0; FishBase 7.0-8.0. Legacy 7-8.5 runs above both.

    Seriously Fish: Dermogenys pusilla (Wrestling Halfbeak) · FishBase: Dermogenys pusilla summary
  • Hardnesscorrected

    Legacy has no hardness. Salt to SG about 1.005 optional (Seriously Fish).

    Seriously Fish: Dermogenys pusilla (Wrestling Halfbeak) · FishBase: Dermogenys pusilla summary
  • Smallest tankcorrected

    60 x 38 x 30 cm = 68.4 L. Legacy 60 L. Surface area matters more than depth.

    Seriously Fish: Dermogenys pusilla (Wrestling Halfbeak)
  • Temperament

    Legacy 's'. Peaceful to other species, males spar among themselves.

    Seriously Fish: Dermogenys pusilla (Wrestling Halfbeak)
  • Swimming level

    Legacy 't'.

    Seriously Fish: Dermogenys pusilla (Wrestling Halfbeak)
  • Care level

    Legacy 2 = moderate.

    Seriously Fish: Dermogenys pusilla (Wrestling Halfbeak)
  • Where it livescorrected

    Legacy has no range field. IUCN: Data Deficient (assessed 2 September 2020, per FishBase).

    Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes (genus Dermogenys) · FishBase: Dermogenys pusilla summary · Seriously Fish: Dermogenys pusilla (Wrestling Halfbeak)
  • Male or femalecorrected

    Legacy 'bright orange beak tip' in males and 'gonopodium' are not supported; the source marks are the andropodium and red dorsal-fin patch.

    Seriously Fish: Dermogenys pusilla (Wrestling Halfbeak)
  • Breedingcorrected

    Legacy says gestation 4-6 weeks; Seriously Fish 3-6.

    Seriously Fish: Dermogenys pusilla (Wrestling Halfbeak)
  • Eggs and young

    Matches legacy 10-30.

    FishBase: Dermogenys pusilla summary · Seriously Fish: Dermogenys pusilla (Wrestling Halfbeak)
  • Story

    Legacy text is right in substance; true D. pusilla is now restricted to Indonesia (see scientificName).

    Seriously Fish: Dermogenys pusilla (Wrestling Halfbeak)