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Variations

2 kinds · tap one for a closer look

Rosy red minnow

Pimephales promelas · Fathead minnow, Rosy red, Rosy-red minnow, Feeder minnow

Peaceful shoaling fish that tolerates cool water.

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10 cmAdult size
4–26 °CTemperature
6.5–8.5pH
100 LSmallest tank
Not recommended
  • Rosy red minnow needs cool water and makes a lot of waste, while Cardinal tetra is tropical.
Not recommended
  • Rosy red minnow needs cool water and makes a lot of waste, while Serpae tetra is tropical.
Not recommended
  • Rosy red minnow needs cool water and makes a lot of waste, while X-ray tetra is tropical.
With conditions
  • Rosy red minnow will eat baby cherry shrimp. Add lots of moss and plants so some survive.
With conditions
  • Rosy red minnow will eat baby amano shrimp. Add lots of moss and plants so some survive.
Compatible
Compatible
Compatible
Compatible
Compatible

204 species in our list are a good match.

Starter facts, waiting for expert review. Sources are added as each fact is checked.

Care and water

Hardness Unknown
Group size 6 or more
Temperament Peaceful
Swims at All levels
Care level Easy
Diet Omnivore
Lifespan 2–4 years
Size in shops 3–6 cm
Growth Fast

Behavior

Peaceful shoaling fish that tolerates cool water. Males guard nest sites.

  • cool

Food

Flake, small pellets, live foods.

Tap a food to see what it is.

Male or female

MaleDark head, bumpy tubercles on the snout
FemaleSmaller, olive and plain
TipMales grow tubercles and dark heads in breeding season
How hard to tellHard

Health

Common problems. Tap one to see the signs. This is a guide, not a diagnosis.

Breeding

Nest spawner · Easy

Males guard eggs under flat objects; spawning easily in ponds.

Pairing

Group with a spawning tile.

Setup

Pond or tank with flat tile or pipe.

What starts it

Warm spring temperatures.

Eggs

Hundreds of eggs on underside of tile.

Raising the fry

Fry take infusoria then flake.

Common mistakes
  • No spawning site
  • Overcrowding
Full breeding guide, day-by-day plan and simulator →

Where it lives in the wild

RegionNorth America – much of Canada and the USA east of the Rockies
Rivers and lakesMississippi, Great Lakes and Hudson Bay basins
HabitatPonds, lakes, streams and ditches
Native rangeAbout 2,500 km across
See it on the world map

The story of the rosy red minnow

A small North American minnow used as a feeder and pond fish. The pink rosy red variety is common in trade.

Constantine Rafinesque described the fathead minnow in 1820. It is one of North America's most widespread minnows and a common bait and laboratory fish. The pinkish 'rosy red' variety is popular as a pond and feeder fish.

First described by Constantine S. Rafinesque in 1820. Named for 'promelas' means 'black in front', for the breeding male's dark head.

  • Breeding males develop bumps called tubercles on the head.
  • Males guard eggs laid on the underside of objects.
  • It is widely used in water-quality testing.