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Encyclopedia / Frogs & Newts / Yunnan fire-bellied toad
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Variations

1 kinds · tap one for a closer look

Yunnan fire-bellied toad

Bombina maxima · Giant fire-bellied toad, Chinese giant fire-bellied toad, Bombina maxima

Semi-aquatic and easy; needs a land area, cool temperatures and a secure lid.

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6 cmAdult size ✓
UnknownTemperature ?
UnknownpH ?
UnknownSmallest tank ?
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This one is best kept on its own, or with its own kind.

✕Not recommended
  • Giant gourami eats animals up to about 10 cm. Yunnan fire-bellied toad only grows to 6 cm.
✕Not recommended
  • Oscar eats animals up to about 12 cm. Yunnan fire-bellied toad only grows to 6 cm.
✕Not recommended
  • Convict cichlid is aggressive and will bully peaceful yunnan fire-bellied toad.
Facts checked against sources on 16 Oct 2026. ✓ means a source backs it; ? means no reliable source yet. See sources

Care and water

Hardness ?Unknown
Group size ?3 or more
Temperament ?Peaceful
Swims at ?All levels
Care level ✓Easy
Diet Carnivore
Lifespan ✓5–6 years
Size in shops 3–5 cm
Growth Medium

Behavior

Semi-aquatic and easy; needs a land area, cool temperatures and a secure lid.

Good to know: Needs a land area and cool, shallow water with a secure lid.

Food

Crickets, mealworms and earthworms.

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Male or female

Males are larger than females.

Health

Common problems. Tap one to see the signs. This is a guide, not a diagnosis.

Breeding

Egg-clumps · Hard

Eggs are laid in small clumps after a cool dry rest.

Pairing

Group of 4-6.

Setup

Aquaterrarium with pools and land.

What starts it

Cooling then rain-like misting.

Eggs

50-150 eggs.

Raising the fry

Tadpoles feed on algae and flakes.

Common mistakes
  • Too warm
  • Dirty water
  • No land
Full breeding guide, day-by-day plan and simulator →

Where it lives in the wild

RegionSouthwest China and northern Vietnam
Rivers and lakesMountain waters of Yunnan, Sichuan and Guizhou
HabitatMountain ponds and slow streams
Native rangeAbout 500 km across
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The story of the yunnan fire-bellied toad

The large-webbed bell toad of Yunnan, living in swamps, springs, marshes, ditches, canals and farmland. Its skin secretion is rich in antimicrobial peptides and can irritate, so handle it as little as possible.

George Boulenger described the Yunnan fire-bellied toad in 1905. It is the largest Bombina species. It lives in mountain waters of southwest China.

First described by George A. Boulenger in 1905.

  • It is the largest fire-bellied toad.
  • It has an orange-red belly.
  • Its back is covered with spiny warts.

Sources

8 facts checked with sources

  • Scientific name

    Amphibian (semi-aquatic toad). ASW common names: Yunnan Firebelly Toad, Large-webbed Bell Toad. ASW still lists B. microdeladigitora, B. fortinuptialis and B. lichuanensis as separate (controversial) species; Vietnamese 'B. maxima' records are B. microdeladigitora, so trade animals labelled B. maxima may not all be this species.

    Amphibian Species of the World 6.2: Bombina maxima
  • Familycorrected

    New value.

    Amphibian Species of the World 6.2: Bombina maxima
  • Sizecorrected

    Snout-vent length from one wild high-altitude population (Huang et al. 2013, data via Add-my-Pet): males about 6 cm, females about 5.5 cm. Legacy 7.5 cm not supported by these data; other populations may be larger.

    Add-my-Pet (VU Amsterdam) Bombina maxima data entry, citing Huang et al. 2013 · Huang et al. 2013, Herpetological Journal 23: 229-232, Age and body size of the toad Bombina maxima (abstract)
  • Lifespancorrected

    Wild maximum ages from skeletochronology in one population. Captive animals may live longer, but no captive figure was found; legacy 10-15 years is unsourced.

    Huang et al. 2013, Herpetological Journal 23: 229-232, Age and body size of the toad Bombina maxima (abstract)
  • Care levelcorrected

    Weak source: Wikipedia citing Harkewicz 2004 (Seminars in Avian and Exotic Pet Medicine 13: 229-233), not read directly. Legacy 2 (moderate).

    Wikipedia: Bombina maxima (cites ASW; Huang et al. 2013; Harkewicz 2004)
  • Where it lives

    Legacy 'southwest China' agrees.

    Amphibian Species of the World 6.2: Bombina maxima
  • Male or femalecorrected

    Unusual among frogs. Legacy 'thicker forearms; males call' not found in a source.

    Huang et al. 2013, Herpetological Journal 23: 229-232, Age and body size of the toad Bombina maxima (abstract)
  • Storycorrected

    Legacy 'larger fire-bellied toad... valued for its brighter belly' is not supported by a source; one studied population was only about 6 cm SVL. IUCN assessed 2004 (Wikipedia ref).

    Wikipedia: Bombina maxima (cites ASW; Huang et al. 2013; Harkewicz 2004)